Method of Psychology

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Some methodologies in psychology, among others, are as follows:

Statistical Method

Generally used by collecting data or materials in research and then analyzing results; that has been obtained.

Developmental Psychology Method

In Development Psychoogy Method has 2 methods, namely general methods and special methods. On this general method of approach used with longitudinal, ransverse and cross cultural approaches. From this approach seen the data obtained as a whole the development or just some aspect of it and can also see with various factors of congentinal and environmental, especially culture. While in a special method is a method to be investigated with a process tool or calculation of a careful and precis. In this approach can be used with experimental and observational approaches.

Experimental Methodology

This is done usually in the laboratory by conducting various experiments.  Researchers have complete control over the course of an experiment. That determines what will do what will be examined, when will do research, how often do the research, and so forth. In the experimental method, the nature of the subjectivity of the introspection method will be overcome. In the purely instrospect method only the self-investigator becomes the object. But on experimental instrospection the number of subjects is many, that is, people - people who are experimenting it. With the extent or the number of research subjects then the results obtained will be more objective. Research methods generally begin with the hypothesis of prediction / forecasting, branching of the theory, elaborated and formulated so that it can be tested.

Scientific Observations

On scientific observations, a matter in situations arising is not deliberate. Rather with a scientific process and spontaneously. This natural observation can be applied also to other behaviors, for example: the behavior of the people who are in the department store, the behavior of motorists on the street, the behavior of children who are playing, the behavior of people in natural disasters, and so on. 

History of Life (biographical method)

A person's life history can be an important source of data to better know the "soul" of the person, for example from his mother's story, a child who does not go to class may know that he is not less clever but his interest since childhood is in the field of music so he is not serious enough to follow the education in his school. In this method people describe the circumstances, attitudes or other attitudes about the person concerned. In this method besides having advantages also have weaknesses, that is not uncommon this method is subjective. The history of life can be arranged in two ways: the making of diaries and the reconstruction of biographies.

Interview

The interview is a question and answer of the examiner and the person being examined. In order for a person to be examined it can discover the content of his own heart, his views, his opinions etc. in such a way that the person who is interviewing can dig up all the information needed. Both the questionnaires or interviews both have similarities, but differ in the way they are presented. The advantages of interviews compared with the questionnaire are:

• In the interview if there are things that are less clear then it can be clarified
• the interviwer can adjust to the mood of the interviewee (the respondent being questioned)
• There is a direct interaction of face to face so it is expected to foster good relationships during the interview process.
• there are several interview techniques that are: free interview, directional interview, open interview and closed interview.

Questionnaire

Questionnaire is an interview in written form. All questions have been compiled in writing on the questionnaires, and the interviewee just reads the questions asked, then answers them in writing as well. The answers will be analyzed to find out what is being investigated. This questionnaire also has its advantages and disadvantages.

Psychological Examination

In the popular language psychological examination is also called psychodiagnostik or assessment Psychology. This method uses certain psychotest tools that can only be used by highly trained experts. the tools can be used to measure and to know the level of one's intelligence, the direction of one's interest, one's attitude, the personality structure of the person, and others of the person being examined. Another method of psychological examination that is individual is a personality projective test of a person shown an ambiguous stimuli and he was asked to tell it.

Method of Analysis of Works

Performed by analyzing the works such as drawings, diaries or essays that have been made. This is because the work can be considered as the originator of the state of one's soul.