What's the Difference of Psychologist and Psychiatrist?

What's the Difference of Psychologist and 

Psychiatrist?

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Currently there are still many people who can not distinguish between psychologists and psychiatrists. The reason, they assume if psychologists and psychiatrists are two types of work the same, because both are related to psychological problems. Not infrequently, this is what makes a lot of people are often confused between psychologists and psychologists when wanting to consult his mental health problems.

What is the difference between a Psychologist and a Psychiatrist?

Psychologists and psychiatrists are equally tasked to help people who have mental health disorders. But in fact these two professions have different loh! Check out the complete explanation in the following article.

What is a Psychiatrist?

Psychiatrists are actually specializations of medical science. So the person who is going to become a psychiatrist must go to medical school S1 first. After finishing school and earning a general practitioner's degree, the psychiatrist will continue to undergo a four-year residency training specializing in psychiatry.

As a psychiatric physician, a psychiatrist knows everything about diagnosis and treatment that can be done for every psychological condition of every patient that tends to be complicated, such as bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. After graduation, the psychiatrist will hold a doctor and Sp.KJ (Mental Health Specialist)

In developed countries, psychiatrists are legally and clinically the primary professional responsible for the overall mental health care of the patient. That's why psychiatrists are responsible for diagnosing a patient's mental disorders and determining which treatment to take, since their expertise focuses on chemical imbalances in the human brain. Therefore, psiakiater can provide prescription and drug therapy (pharmacotherapy), brain stimulation therapy, physical examination and laboratory in accordance with the needs of patients.

What is a Psychologist?

Psychologists did not attend medical school, but received education from psychology. To become a psychologist, a person must complete his undergraduate education in a faculty of psychology first. After that, just can continue the profession program to learn the practice of becoming a psychologist.

The psychological work closest to a psychiatrist is the clinical psychology that deals with psychiatric cases, diagnoses the patient's psychological symptoms, and performs psychotherapy as a form of treatment.

That is why, psychologists are competent to perform a series of psychological tests that will later be interpreted as an answer to a patient's problems, for example; IQ tests, talent interests, personality tests and so forth. A psychologist can not prescribe medication but focuses on psychosocial therapy for the patient's behavior, thoughts, and emotions.

Psychologists and Psychiatrists work together to provide the best therapies

Based on the above explanation, basically psychologists and psychiatrists equally explore the psychology and all things related to human development, such as the workings of the brain, emotions, feelings and thoughts. In addition, these two professions also have the same concentration of practice, in the form of handling, prevention, diagnosis, and therapy.

Psychologists and psychiatrists work together to coordinate each other in providing the best therapy for patients. Psychologists often treat patients weekly for psychosocial counseling. Similar to psychologists, psychiatrists also often do therapy to patients every week or monthly for psychotherapy or psychopharmacology. This depends on the case or problem faced by each patient and the patient's clinical needs.

Where to go if you have mental health problems?

If you complain about mental health problems, either because of depression or anxiety, you should consult a GP. The reason, the general practitioner will make an initial diagnosis related conditions that may be needed to help identify mental health problems you are facing.

In addition, general practitioners will provide psychiatrist or psychologist recommendations that suit you, based on the specific situation and type of treatment you may need. You do not need to be embarrassed to seek help. As with physical health, mental health is an important part of your life in order to live happily.

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Method of Psychology

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Some methodologies in psychology, among others, are as follows:

Statistical Method

Generally used by collecting data or materials in research and then analyzing results; that has been obtained.

Developmental Psychology Method

In Development Psychoogy Method has 2 methods, namely general methods and special methods. On this general method of approach used with longitudinal, ransverse and cross cultural approaches. From this approach seen the data obtained as a whole the development or just some aspect of it and can also see with various factors of congentinal and environmental, especially culture. While in a special method is a method to be investigated with a process tool or calculation of a careful and precis. In this approach can be used with experimental and observational approaches.

Experimental Methodology

This is done usually in the laboratory by conducting various experiments.  Researchers have complete control over the course of an experiment. That determines what will do what will be examined, when will do research, how often do the research, and so forth. In the experimental method, the nature of the subjectivity of the introspection method will be overcome. In the purely instrospect method only the self-investigator becomes the object. But on experimental instrospection the number of subjects is many, that is, people - people who are experimenting it. With the extent or the number of research subjects then the results obtained will be more objective. Research methods generally begin with the hypothesis of prediction / forecasting, branching of the theory, elaborated and formulated so that it can be tested.

Scientific Observations

On scientific observations, a matter in situations arising is not deliberate. Rather with a scientific process and spontaneously. This natural observation can be applied also to other behaviors, for example: the behavior of the people who are in the department store, the behavior of motorists on the street, the behavior of children who are playing, the behavior of people in natural disasters, and so on. 

History of Life (biographical method)

A person's life history can be an important source of data to better know the "soul" of the person, for example from his mother's story, a child who does not go to class may know that he is not less clever but his interest since childhood is in the field of music so he is not serious enough to follow the education in his school. In this method people describe the circumstances, attitudes or other attitudes about the person concerned. In this method besides having advantages also have weaknesses, that is not uncommon this method is subjective. The history of life can be arranged in two ways: the making of diaries and the reconstruction of biographies.

Interview

The interview is a question and answer of the examiner and the person being examined. In order for a person to be examined it can discover the content of his own heart, his views, his opinions etc. in such a way that the person who is interviewing can dig up all the information needed. Both the questionnaires or interviews both have similarities, but differ in the way they are presented. The advantages of interviews compared with the questionnaire are:

• In the interview if there are things that are less clear then it can be clarified
• the interviwer can adjust to the mood of the interviewee (the respondent being questioned)
• There is a direct interaction of face to face so it is expected to foster good relationships during the interview process.
• there are several interview techniques that are: free interview, directional interview, open interview and closed interview.

Questionnaire

Questionnaire is an interview in written form. All questions have been compiled in writing on the questionnaires, and the interviewee just reads the questions asked, then answers them in writing as well. The answers will be analyzed to find out what is being investigated. This questionnaire also has its advantages and disadvantages.

Psychological Examination

In the popular language psychological examination is also called psychodiagnostik or assessment Psychology. This method uses certain psychotest tools that can only be used by highly trained experts. the tools can be used to measure and to know the level of one's intelligence, the direction of one's interest, one's attitude, the personality structure of the person, and others of the person being examined. Another method of psychological examination that is individual is a personality projective test of a person shown an ambiguous stimuli and he was asked to tell it.

Method of Analysis of Works

Performed by analyzing the works such as drawings, diaries or essays that have been made. This is because the work can be considered as the originator of the state of one's soul.

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Approach of Psychology

Approach of Psycgology consists of:

Behavioral Approach

Behavioral approach, basically behavior is the response to the stimulus that comes. Simply can be described in the S - R model or a Stimulus - Response link. This means that behavior is like a reflex with no mental work at all.

The Cognitive Approach

The cognitive approach emphasizes that behavior is a mental process, in which the individual (organism) is active in capturing, assessing, comparing, and responding to stimuli before reacting. Individuals receive stimulus and then perform mental processes before giving reaction to the stimulus that comes. Psychoanalysis approach The Psikoanalisa approach developed by Sigmund Freud. From the 1890s until his death in 1939, an Austrian doctor named Sigmund Freud developed a method of psychotherapy known as psychoanalysis.

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Freud's understanding of mind was based on methods of interpretation, introspection, and clinical observation, and focused on resolving subconscious conflicts, mental tensions, and other psychological disorders. Sigmund Freud believes that the lives of individuals are largely controlled by the subconscious. So much behavior is based on things that are not realized, such as desire, impulse, or encouragement. Theories about Psychoanalysis apart from being very famous, are also very controversial. This is mainly because his theory deals with topics such as sexuality and the subconscious. These topics were still considered very taboo at the time, and Freud gave the catalyst to discuss the topic openly in civilized societies. In addition, many people who reject the theory that is considered degrading human dignity.

Phenomenological approach

This phenomenological approach is more concerned with the subjective experience of the individual because the behavior is strongly influenced by the individual's view of himself and his world, the concept of himself, his self-esteem and all things concerning his awareness or actualization. This means seeing a person's behavior is always associated with a phenomenon about himself.

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Psychology: Introduction

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Psychology is one of the fields of science and applied sciences that study about behavior, mental function, and human mental process scientifically. Practitioners in psychology are called psychologists. Psychologists attempt to study the role of mental functioning in individual and group behavior, as well as to learn about the underlying physiological and neurobiological processes of behavior.

Personality Continuum Scale. According to the doctor of psychology from Switzerland, Carl Jung, there are 3 types of common personality in humans, namely Introvert, Ambievert and Extrovert.

Consumer behavior diagram. It is seen that the decision-making process of a consumer is influenced by three main facto namely marketing strategy, individual differences, and environmental factors.

Eysenck diagram. Eysenck Personality Diagram which is the development of the theory of Hippocrates.

Moral Component Connection Diagram in Character Formation. Moral is the good-bad determination of an act and human behavior. Examples: apologize, thank you, help others, devote to both parents. Character development in an educational system is the linkage between the components of characters that contain the values ​​of behavior, which can be done or acting gradually and interconnected between knowledge of behavioral values ​​with a strong attitude or emotion to execute it, whether against God, himself, fellow, environment, nation and country and the international world.

Psychology is derived from Ancient Greek: "psyche" meaning soul and "logia" which means knowledge, so that etymologically, psychology can be interpreted by the science of the study of the soul .

As part of science, psychology through a long journey. The concept of psychology can be traced back to ancient Greece. Psychology has its roots in the field of philosophy which was initiated since the time of Aristotle as the science of the soul, the science of the life force (levens beginsel). Aristotle views psychology as a science that studies the symptoms of life. The soul is the element of life (Anima), therefore every living being has a soul.  The history of psychology is in line with intellectual development in Europe, but earned its pragmatic form in the Americas.

Psychology as a science

Although there has always been a thought about the science of human learning along with the idea of ​​science that studies nature, but because of the complexity and dynamism of human beings to be understood, the new psychology was created as a science since the late 1800s when Wilhelm Wundt founded the laboratory psychology first in the world.

Wundt Laboratory

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In 1879 , Wilhelm Wundt founded the first Psychology laboratory at the University of Leipzig, Germany . Characterized by the establishment of this laboratory, then the scientific method to better understand humans has been found although not yet adequate. With the establishment of this laboratory, then complete the requirement to make psychology as a science . Therefore, the establishment of Wundt laboratory is also recognized as the date of the founding of psychology as a science.

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